Morse Code Prosigns

Unlike Morse Code abbreviations which are spelled out as separate letters, these prosigns are sent as a single character (no spacing between letters), which is indicated by an overline when written as text.

AA – Start new line (typically between lines in an address)

AR – End of message, and also the “+” sign

AS – Stand by

BT – Pause; Break between sections of a formal message (radiogram)

CT – Beginning of message, i.e. “Copy This” (also written as KA)

EEEEEEEE – Error, The correct text follows now.

IMI – I will now repeat the last word sent (typically used after an unusual or unexpected word). Also used to request a repeat of the last transmission, or as a standard question mark.

KN – Go ahead (specified station only). Can also be sent as KN (two separate characters).

SN – Understood (also written as VE)

SOS – I am in distress and require immediate assistance (for emergency use only)

VA – End of contact (also written as SK)

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